INTEGRALL

The Integron Database

Glossary

A


Gene	aacA (synonym aac(6'))
Product	aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to amikacin, dibekacin, isepamicin, netilmicin, sisomicin and tobramycin

Gene	aacC (synonym aac(3'))
Product	aminoglycoside 3'-N-acetyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to aminoglycosides such as dibekacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, lividomycin, neomycin, paromomycin, sisomicin and tobramycin

Gene	aadA (synonym ant(3'))
Product	aminoglycoside 3'-adenyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to streptomycin and spectinomycin

Gene	aadB (synonym ant(2'))
Product	aminoglycoside 2’-adenyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, dibekacin and sisomicin

Gene	abc MDR
Product	multi-drug resistance
Function	ABC MDR transporter

Gene	acp
Product	acyl-carrier protein
Function	acyl-carrier protein

Gene	ampR
Product	lysR-type transcriptional regulator
Function

Gene	aphA
Product	aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase
Function	confers resistance to gentamincin, kanamycin, lividomycin, neomycin, paromomycin and ribostamycin

Gene	appA
Product	oligopeptide ABC transporter
Function	transport of branched chain amino acids

Gene	arr
Product	ADP-ribosyl transferase
Function	confers resistance to rifampicin

B


Gene	blaAmpC
Product	class C beta-lactamase AMPC
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactams like oxyimino-beta-lactams and to cephamycins
Gene	blaBEL
Product	extended-spectrum class A beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactams including most expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and aztreonam

Gene	blaCEF
Product	class A beta-lactamase CEF
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactams like ceftazidime

Gene	blaCTX-M
Product	class A beta-lactamase CTX-M
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, ertapenems and carbapenems; displays higher activities against the cephalosporin cefotaxime.

Gene	blaDHA
Product	plasmid encoded class C beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics

Gene	blaESP
Product	extended-spectrum beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics

Gene	blaGES
Product	extended-spectrum class A beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like expanded-spectrum cephalosporins (e.g. ceftriaxone, cefotaxime,and ceftazidime), aztreonam and related oxyimino-beta-lactams

Gene	blaIBC (synonym blaGES-7/-8)
Product	extended spectrum beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like expanded-spectrum cephalosporins (e.g. ceftriaxone, cefotaxime,and ceftazidime), aztreonam and related oxyimino-beta-lactams.

Gene	blaIMP
Product	class B beta-lactamase (metallo-beta-lactamase)
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics except monobactams

Gene	blaOXA
Product	class D beta-lactamase (oxacillinase)
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like ampicillin, cephalothin, oxacillin and cloxacillin

Gene	blaP1
Product	PSE-1/CARB-2 beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics including carbenicillin

Gene	blaSHV
Product	class A beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics

Gene	blaVEB
Product	extended-spectrum class A beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like expanded-spectrum cephalosporins (e.g. ceftriaxone, cefotaxime,and ceftazidime), aztreonam and related oxyimino-beta-lactams

Gene	blaVIM
Product	class B beta-lactamase (metallo-beta-lactamase)
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics except monobactams

Gene	blaTEM
Product	class A beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to penicillins and cephalosporins

Gene	blaTLA
Product	extended-spectrum class A beta-lactamase
Function	confers resistance to beta-lactams including cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam

C


Gene	cml
Product	chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to chloramphenicol
Gene	catB
Product	chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to chloramphenicol

Gene	chrA
Product	chromate ion transport protein
Function	involved in chromate ion transport

Gene	cel
Product	cellulase
Function

D

Gene	dfr (synonym dhfr)
Product	dihydrofolate reductase
Function	confers resistance to trimethoprim

E


Gene	ereA
Product	erythromycin esterase
Function	confers resistance to erythromycin

Gene	estX
Product	putative esterase
Function

Gene	ectr
Product	maturase-related protein
Function

Gene	elip
Product	putative esterase
Function

F


Gene	folA
Product	dihydrofolate reductase type I
Function	confers resistance to trimethoprim
Gene	flo
Product	chloramphenicol/florfenicol exporter
Function	confers resistance to chloramphenicol and florfenicol

G


Gene	groEL
Product	GroEL
Function	chaperone; heat shock protein

I


Gene	ins
Product	putative transposase
Function
Gene	intI
Product	integron integrase
Function	catalyses insertion and excision of gene cassettes

L


Gene	linF
Product	LinF protein
Function	involved in resistance to lincosamides
Gene	lip
Product	triacylglycerol acyl hydrolase
Function

Gene	lnuF
Product	lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to lincosamides

Q


Gene	qac
Product	quaternary ammonium compound resistance protein
Function	confers resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds
Gene	qepA
Product	quinolone efflux pump
Function	confers resistance to quinolones

Gene	qnr
Product	fluoroquinolone resistance protein
Function	confers resistance to fluoroquinolones

P


Gene	pigH
Product	xanthomonadin biosynthesis-related protein
Function
Gene	psp
Product	phosphoserine phosphatase
Function

R


Gene	rcr3 (synonym orf2)
Product	probable rolling circle replication initiation protein
Function	responsible for the movement of CR3
Gene	rmtB
Product	16S rRNA methylase
Function

S


Gene	sap
Product	peptide transport system permease
Function
Gene	sat
Product	streptothricin acetyltransferase
Function	confers resistance to streptothricin

Gene	smr
Product	small multidrug resistance protein
Function

Gene	smtr
Product	maturase-related protein
Function

Gene	str
Product	streptomycin resistance protein
Function	confers resistance to streptomycin

Gene	sul
Product	sulphonamide resistant dihydropteroate synthase
Function	confers resistance to sulphonamides

T


Gene	tetR
Product	tetracycline resistance regulator protein
Function	involved in resistance to tetracyclines
Gene	tet(G)
Product	tetracycline resistance protein
Function	confers resistance to tetracyclines

Gene	tnp
Product	transposase
Function	involved in transposition of DNA segments

Gene	tns
Product	transposition protein
Function	involved in transposition of DNA segments

Y


Gene	ybe
Product	hypothetical protein
Function	unknown
Gene	ybf
Product	hypothetical protein
Function	unknown

Gene	ybg
Product	hypothetical protein
Function	unknown